Tax field audit

Rebutting a time-series comparison

Check the assumptions it rests on.

By examining the assumptions it rests on. The time-series comparison sets weekly goods input against weekly revenue and infers the whole period from the highest gross mark-up reached. That only carries if purchase and sale fall within the same period, if range and prices stay largely constant and if no stock is shifted. If one of those assumptions does not hold, the method does not measure the mark-up but the shift.

This is first a question of arithmetic, not of law

The Bundesfinanzhof tied the time-series comparison to narrow preconditions in its judgment of 25 March 2015 (X R 20/13) and held it unsuitable in particular where the ratio of goods input to revenue is not largely constant in the business. The objection works only if it is evidenced, however: the assertion that the range changed is worthless as long as it does not follow from the purchase data.

The assumptions and how to test them

Assumption of the methodWhere it can breakWhat shows it
Purchase and sale fall in the same periodStockholding, bulk packs, promotional buyingThe incoming invoices with quantity and date
The range stays the sameSeasonal menu, change of range, new productsThe item master data across the period
Prices stay the samePrice adjustments, promotions, lunch menuThe price change history of the till
The gross mark-up is the same across productsBeverages and food carry very different mark-upsThe recipes and the sales statistics
There is no free consumptionStaff meals, own consumption, shrinkage, breakageThe operational records kept for this
The comparison period is representativeRefurbishment, business holidays, exceptional eventsThe documented course of business

The more effective route does not run through criticism

A time-series comparison is a Verprobung — a plausibility test that infers a result from a few variables. Criticising it means staying inside its logic. Presenting the complete calculation instead makes it moot: under § 162 Abs. 1 Satz 1 AO estimation applies only in so far as the bases of taxation cannot be established or calculated. What has been calculated does not need to be tested for plausibility.

What we deliberately do not publish

How we build such a calculation in an individual case is not on this page. The point of attack in a method is public — it appears in every relevant judgment. The calculation with which we replace it is not. Those who need the method will find it in our seminars; those who need the result will find it with us.

What we contribute

We record the complete goods input, store the actual recipes and recalculate the quantity produced and sold. Every figure leads back to a document, every step is documented so that a third party can follow it.

Why an inference by ratio triples every error

How the circle closes against stock control

The legal provisions cited here are given for information and do not replace legal advice.

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